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The cooling towers are made from FRP, wooden, hot dip galvanized carbon steel or SS material. The fills are honey comb type or perforated angle type PVC or wooden flat or triangular type. Types of Cooling Towers:
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Counter flow
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Cross flow
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Induced draft
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Forced draft
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Fan less - Atmospheric
Types of the fills are selected considering quality and temperature of hot water. Height of fills and air quantity requirements are calculated considering Range, Approach and Saturation efficiency / pressure drop across fills. Proper design of the cooling tower can provide required approach with minimum power consumption of fan and pump motor. Performance of the cooling tower are measured by approach (temperature difference between water outlet temperature & W. B. temperature) and NOT by range (temperature difference between inlet & outlet water temperature). The range can be fixed by source of heat and rate of water circulation and NOT by cooling tower. Cooling tower is not an evaporative cooling (Adiabatic cooling) system. In cooling tower, the enthalpy of air is increasing and enthalpy of water is decreasing by heat and mass transfer process. A part of the total heat transfer is carried out by evaporating water.
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